A lawyer is a person who, having a law degree and duly enrolled in the professional association, provides legal services to his clients, through advice and/or assistance in both judicial and extrajudicial proceedings. Within the legal sector, we can find general lawyers, as well as specialists in specific areas of law. In this article, we are going to review the most common types of lawyers to know them and to know which we should go to them in case of need.
What are the most common types?
Labor Lawyers: They are specialized Labor Law and Social Security. They intervene in conflicts between workers and companies and public administrations such as the INSS, the TGSS or the SEPE. The most common issues in which they intervene are dismissals, wage claims, mobbing claims, disabilities, work accidents, vacation disputes, substantial modification of working conditions, etc. We can find labor lawyers that their clients are only workers, others that only carry companies and also those that carry both workers and companies. In case of intervening in judicial proceedings, these are dealt with mainly in the Social Courts, and in the second instance in the Superior Courts of Justice.
Criminal lawyers: Its name indicates, they are dedicated to Criminal Law, that is, to matters in which there has been some type of criminal activity. Its function is to assist and defend the interests of its clients in statements, during instruction, and in the oral trial phase. In case of having the injured party as a client, his function will be to present the complaint or complaint and, if applicable, appear as an accusation. And, in the case of bringing the allegedly infringing person, its purpose is to defend his client from the facts that he is accused of in order to be acquitted or, according to the cases, reach an agreement with the prosecutor to limit the possible sentence.
Civil lawyers: They are dedicated to matters of Civil Law. Therefore, they defend the interests of individuals and companies against other individuals or companies, who may be natural or legal persons. Within this scope, there are very varied cases, from claims for economic debts to extra-contractual or contractual civil liability, passing through divorces, inheritances or incapacitations. Its judicial action is carried out, mainly, in the Courts of First Instance and in the Provincial Court. Also, within Civil Law, today we can find lawyers who are specialists in specific subjects such as Real Estate Law, in cases of foreclosures, evictions, land clauses, etc.
Family Lawyers: Family Law is, rather, a sub-branch within Civil Law but we can consider it as a specialty since there are many lawyers specializing in Family Law. The most common issues in which they intervene are separations and divorces and derived from these as the regime of visits of children, provisional measures, etc.
Immigration Law: They advise people involved in naturalization or citizenship processes. Bellissimo Law Group is specialist in immigration related cases.
Mercantile Lawyers: Are those that are dedicated to the Commercial Law, that is to say, the one that has to do with the business world. In recent years, they have been much in vogue due to the large increase in bankruptcy proceedings. However, its mission is not limited to the judicial sphere but also deals with merger processes between companies, drafting commercial contracts, negotiating agreements, intervening in shareholders’ meetings, etc.
Administrative lawyers: Its scope of action is one in which at least one public administration intervenes. They can be conflicts between different administrations or between it and a private individual. Intervenes in administrative proceedings by writing pleadings, appeals for appeal or replenishment and, if necessary, appeals before the contentious-administrative jurisdiction. They intervene in cases such as resorting to administrative sanctions, town planning files or claims for damages due to the bad performance of public service.
Tax lawyers: They are specialized in financial and tax law, that is, everything that has to do with taxes, taxes, fees, etc. His intervention goes from the advice to the accomplishment of management with the tributary Agency and, in the case, in judicial procedures in the contentious-administrative jurisdiction.
